International Labour Day, observed globally on May 1 each year, commemorates the invaluable contributions of workers and the labor movement. Various activities, including meetings and programs, are organized to honor their pivotal role.
In India, Labour Day is celebrated with great enthusiasm. During a program on October 16, 2014, Prime Minister Narendra Modi emphasized the significance of ‘Shramev Jayate,’ saying that it holds the same transformative power as ‘Satyamev Jayate’ for the nation’s development. As part of efforts to empower workers, a universal account number was introduced, offering portability for provident fund withdrawals, ensuring their financial security across locations.
India regards its labor force as ‘Shram Yogi, Rashtra Yogi, and Nation Builder.’ Initiatives such as the E-Shram portal, National Career Service, and Shram Suvidha Portal underscore the nation’s commitment to empowering workers.
History of International Labor Day
Before Labour Day brought about the recognition of workers’ rights, they endured widespread deaths, injuries, and harsh working conditions. During the 19th century, amid the rise of industrialization, America subjected workers to grueling shifts lasting up to 15 hours a day. The mounting casualties among employees prompted the working class to raise their voice for their safety.
Driven by the efforts of workers and socialists, significant strides were made. At a national convention in Chicago in the late 19th century, the American Federation of Labor declared a legal working time of eight hours, marking a pivotal moment in labor rights history.
The labor movement spearheaded campaigns to combat child labor, secure health benefits, and provide assistance to workers who suffered injuries or retired. These efforts were instrumental in improving working conditions and safeguarding the rights of workers across industries.
International Labour Organization: The defenders of workers’ rights
The International Labour Organization is responsible for protecting workers’ rights on a global scale. It is the only tripartite organization of the United Nations whose objective is to promote human rights and labor rights. Its function is to set labor standards, formulate policies and develop programs that promote decent work for all women and men. With 187 member countries, its headquarters is in Geneva. It was established by the Treaty of Versailles in the year 1919.