The Centre has undertaken a series of initiatives aimed at improving women’s health, hygiene, and overall well-being, with a particular focus on reducing hardship, ensuring access to essential services, and promoting safety and dignity for women across the country.
In a written reply to a question in the Rajya Sabha, Minister of State for Women and Child Development Savitri Thakur outlined several schemes that have played a crucial role in this regard, including Ujjwala Yojana, Jal Jeevan Mission and Swachh Bharat Abhiyan. These programmes, she said, have significantly reduced the drudgery and time poverty faced by women, while also improving health outcomes.
As part of the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan, over 11.8 crore individual household latrines have been constructed nationwide. The Jal Jeevan Mission, meanwhile, has facilitated the provision of tap water connections to approximately 15.6 crore rural households.
To enhance access to affordable healthcare products for women, the Department of Pharmaceuticals under the Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers is implementing the Pradhan Mantri Bharatiya Janaushadhi Pariyojana (PMBJP). Over 16,000 Janaushadhi Kendras have been established under this initiative, offering essential medicines and oxo-biodegradable sanitary napkins branded as Suvidha, priced at ₹1 per pad.
The government has also introduced the ‘Scheme for Promotion of Menstrual Hygiene’ for adolescent girls aged 10-19, under the National Health Mission. The scheme provides subsidised sanitary napkin packs through Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs) and includes training for field workers as well as awareness drives. National guidelines on Menstrual Hygiene Management (MHM), developed under the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan, further aim to address behavioural change related to sanitation and hygiene, particularly in rural areas.
Addressing the needs of working women and girl students, the Ministry of Women and Child Development has been implementing the Sakhi Niwas scheme-also known as the Working Women Hostel scheme-under the broader Mission Shakti initiative. The scheme is designed to provide safe and accessible accommodation for working women, as well as those pursuing higher education or training, across urban, semi-urban, and rural areas. It also includes provision for day-care facilities for the children of residents.
In a push to expand infrastructure for women’s accommodation, the Ministry of Finance has allocated ₹5,000 crore under the Special Assistance to States for Capital Investment (SASCI) scheme for construction of new working women hostels. So far, approval has been granted for the construction of 254 hostels across 28 States, with a total capacity of 52,991 beds at an estimated cost of ₹4,826.31 crore. Of this, ₹3,147.66 crore has already been disbursed to the States for the financial year 2024-25.