India’s swift transition to green mobility has moved from aspiration to action. By February 2025, the nation had already registered 56.75 lakh electric vehicles, underscoring its momentum toward sustainable transport. This electric revolution is fuelled by visionary government programmes like FAME II, PM E-Drive, the Production Linked Incentive (PLI) schemes, and PM e-Bus Sewa, which are not only attracting investment and boosting localization but also catalysing large-scale EV adoption. A defining moment came when Prime Minister Narendra Modi inaugurated Suzuki’s first global strategic Battery Electric Vehicle, the Made-in-India “e-VITARA”, at the Hansalpur plant in Ahmedabad. Designed for export to over 100 countries, this breakthrough affirms India’s role as Suzuki’s international hub for clean-mobility production. Alongside the launch of localized hybrid battery electrode manufacturing at the TDS Lithium-Ion Battery plant ensures over 80 percent of battery value is created domestically, embodies the “Make in India, Make for the World” and “Aatmanirbhar Bharat” visions.
The market response has been electric, too. FY 2024-25 saw 11.49 lakh electric two-wheeler sales, a 21 percent jump from the previous year’s 9.48 lakh. This growth is backed by foundational policies, starting with the National Electric Mobility Mission Plan 2020. Under FAME-I (2015–19), 520 charging stations were sanctioned with ₹43 crore. Building on that thrust, FAME-II was launched in April 2019 with a ₹11,500 crore budget to expand EV uptake, charging infrastructure, and e-bus networks. By June 2025, India had sanctioned ₹912.50 crore for 9,332 public charging stations, of which 8,885 are operational, and allocated ₹800 crore to IOCL, BPCL, and HPCL for 7,432 fuel-outlet EV charge points.
On the manufacturing front, the PLI-Auto scheme (₹25,938 crore) attracted ₹29,576 crore in investments and created nearly 45,000 jobs by March 2025, conditional on at least 50 percent domestic value addition. Complementing this, the ₹18,100 crore ACC PLI scheme aims to build 50 GWh of battery capacity, with 40 GWh already allocated. Addressing heavy-vehicle emissions, the PM E-Drive scheme (₹10,900 crore, initiated in September 2024) incentivized over 24.79 lakh e-two-wheelers, 3.15 lakh e-three-wheelers, 5,643 e-trucks, e-ambulances, and 14,028 e-buses, and included ₹2,000 crore for public charging infrastructure and ₹780 crore for EV testing upgrades. Further, the SPMEPCI scheme (March 2024) requires applicants to commit ₹4,150 crore investment and reach 50 percent domestic value addition, while offering reduced customs duties on high-value EV imports.
In urban transport, the PM e-Bus Sewa programme (₹20,000 crore, August 2023) aims to deploy 10,000 electric buses via PPP; by August 2025, 7,293 buses were already approved across 14 states and 4 UTs, supported by ₹1,062.74 crore for infrastructure. To safeguard operators, the e-Bus Payment Security Mechanism (₹3,435.33 crore, October 2024) will cover up to 38,000 e-buses over five years. To track progress, NITI Aayog introduced the India Electric Mobility Index (IEMI) in August 2025, assessing states on electrification, charging access, and innovation, with Delhi, Maharashtra, and Chandigarh leading.
India’s EV roadmap aligns with its climate ambitions: pursuing 30 percent EV adoption by 2030, reducing carbon emissions by 1 billion tonnes, lowering carbon intensity below 45 percent by 2030, and targeting net-zero emissions by 2070. From silent e-buses to clean highways, India’s green mobility revolution is redefining transport, cities, and the planetary legacy we leave behind.