The government on Friday informed the Lok Sabha that while artificial intelligence (AI) tools are being explored to improve judicial efficiency under the eCourts Mission Mode Project Phase-III, no formal policy or guidelines have yet been framed for their adoption in judicial processes.
As part of the National eGovernance Plan, Phase-III of the eCourts project is being implemented with an outlay of ₹7,210 crore to strengthen Information and Communication Technology (ICT) infrastructure across the Indian judiciary. The initiative aims to enhance judicial productivity and make the justice delivery system more accessible, cost-effective, reliable, and transparent.
Under the ongoing phase, ₹53.57 crore has been earmarked for “Future Technological Advancements,” including AI and blockchain, to integrate modern technologies for smoother user experience. However, the government clarified that AI-based solutions are currently being used only in controlled pilot phases and strictly within the areas approved in the Detailed Project Report (DPR) of eCourts Phase-III.
The Supreme Court of India has constituted an Artificial Intelligence Committee to explore the use of AI in the judicial domain. The formulation and regulation of operational frameworks related to AI use will be governed by the Rules of Business and policies of the respective High Courts.
The judiciary has acknowledged challenges associated with AI integration, including algorithmic bias, language and translation limitations, data privacy and security concerns, and the necessity of manual verification of AI-generated outputs. To address these issues, the eCommittee of the Supreme Court has formed a sub-committee comprising six High Court judges along with technical experts. The panel is tasked with recommending secure connectivity, authentication mechanisms, and measures to strengthen data security under the eCourts Project.
Several AI-enabled tools are currently under pilot testing. An AI-based Legal Research Analysis Assistant (LegRAA) has been developed to support judges in legal research and document analysis. In addition, an upgraded platform, Digital Courts 2.1, has been designed to provide a single-window interface for managing case-related information. The platform includes AI-powered voice-to-text functionality (ASR-SHRUTI) and translation support (PANINI) to assist judges in dictating orders and judgments.
According to the eCommittee of the Supreme Court, no instances of systemic bias, unintended content, or other issues have been reported during the pilot implementation of these AI tools.
The information was shared by Minister of State (Independent Charge) for Law and Justice and Minister of State for Parliamentary Affairs, Arjun Ram Meghwal, in a written reply in the Lok Sabha.
